
物理性质
- 熔点−45 °C
- 沸点81-82 °C
- 闪点2 °C
- 密度0.7±0.1 g/cm3
- PH:7
- PSA:23.79
- LogP:-0.45
- 折射率1.343-1.345
- 蒸汽压171.0±0.1 mmHg at 25°C
- 溶解性Completely Soluble
- 敏感性1.化学性质:① 乙腈为稳定的化合物,不易氧化或还原,但碳氮之间为叁键,易发生加成反应。例如:与卤化氢加成、与硫化氢加成、无机酸存在下与醇加成、与酸或酸酐加成、与羟胺加成。② 在酸或碱存在下发生水解,生成酰胺,进一步水解生成酸。③ 还原生成乙胺。④ 与Grignard试剂反应,生成物经水解得到酮。⑤ 乙腈能与金属钠、醇钠或氨基钠发生反应。2.本品易燃,有毒。在空气中的爆炸范围为3.0%~16%(体积),工作场所乙腈最高容许浓度为70mg/m3。在乙腈饱和的空气中,大鼠停留4小时以上不致死亡,但对小鼠15分钟即可致死。乙腈的经口LD50,对大鼠为3.8g/kg,对小鼠为0.2g/kg。吸入乙腈蒸气或经皮肤吸收后会引起中毒,呈现恶心、呕吐、呼吸困难、极度乏力和意识模糊,血中氰化物及硫氰化物浓度增高,并出现蛋白尿等症状。如乙腈溅及皮肤,应用大量水冲洗,溅及眼内应用清水冲洗15分钟以上。如吸入乙腈或氰化物蒸气中毒应立即将人移至新鲜空气处,请医生诊治。生产设备应密闭,防止跑、冒、滴、漏,操作人员应穿戴防护用品。3.稳定性 稳定4.禁配物 酸类、碱类、强氧化剂、强还原剂、碱金属、硫酸、发烟硫酸、氯磺酸、过氯酸盐5.聚合危害 不聚合6.分解产物 氰化氢
- 外观形态透明无色液体
- 储存条件1.本品采用铁桶包装,每桶净重150kg。也可用汽车槽车或铁路槽车贮运。贮存地点应为阴凉、通风库房,远离火种、热源,仓库温度不超过30°C,防止阳光直射。要特别注意包装完整,防止渗漏引起中毒。应与氧化剂、酸类分开存放。贮存间内的照明通风设施应采用防爆型,开关设在仓库外。配置相应品种和数量的消防器材。禁止使用易产生火花的机械设备和工具。定期检查是否有泄漏现象,搬运时要轻装轻卸,防止包装及容器损坏。
2.储存注意事项储存于阴凉、通风的库房。远离火种、热源。库温不宜超过37°C。保持容器密封保存。应与氧化剂、还原剂、酸类、碱类、易(可)燃物、食用化学品分开存放,切忌混储。采用防爆型照明、通风设施。禁止使用易产生火花的机械设备和工具。储区应备有泄漏应急处理设备和合适的收容材料。
- 产品应用用于制维生素B1等药物,及香料,脂肪酸萃取等.
- 性质描述无色透明液体,有类似醚的异香.熔点-45.7°C,沸点81.6°C,相对密度0.786(20,4°C),折射率1.3441,闪点6°C,20°C时粘度0.35mPa·s,临界温度274.7°C,临界压力4.8332MPa.有毒,易燃,燃烧时有光亮火焰.可与水,甲醇,醋酸甲酯,丙酮,乙醚,氯仿,四氯化碳和氯乙烯混溶.与水形成共沸物含乙腈84,共沸点76°C.
欧盟法规
统一分类与标签压力设备指令-第1组危险流体欧盟化学物质接触限值的第二份指示性清单REACH注册ECHA物质欧盟气雾剂指令-标签制度ECHA物质工作场所安全标识要求化妆品禁用物质清单C&L通报REACH预注册废弃物危险特性清单上下游产品
CAS号630-18-2 三甲基乙腈 | CAS号108168-88-3 N-(叔-丁基)-2-氰基乙酰胺 | CAS号10528-55-9 N-acetylcyclopr... | CAS号10601-69-1 N-acetylpentanamide | CAS号10519-73-0 Acetamide,N-[(2... | CAS号108168-83-8 4-propyl-5-prop... | CAS号64671-67-6 3-methyl-4-prop... | CAS号106500-93-0 N,N'-di(propan-... | CAS号1122-39-0 2,4,5-Trimethyl...合成工艺路线路线简述
- 合成目标产物 Acetonitrile 主要起始原料 Acetaldehyde
- (文献来源)合成步骤主要原料 Acetaldehyde
甲基丙烯腈置于nickel(II) Oxide,Aluminum Oxide 氧化亚氮体系中,化学反应生成 乙腈
参考文献:Sayari,A.; Ghorbel,A.; Pajonk,G. M.,Bulletin De La Societe Chimique De France,1981,Vol. 1,# 1-2,P. 16-23
标题:Sayari,A.; Ghorbel,A.; Pajonk,G. M.,Bulletin De La Societe Chimique De France,1981,Vol. 1,# 1-2,P. 16-23
专利信息
专利号:US-2025313590-A1
优先权日:2024-03-16
标题:Phosphoramidite morpholino monomers towards synthesis/convergent synthesis of PMO, TMO, their chimera oligos in 5 prime to 3 prime direction
发明人:SINHA SURAJIT; GHOSH ATANU; BANERJEE ARPAN
权利人:INDIAN ASS FOR THE CULTIVATION OF SCIENCE
摘要:The present invention relates to 5′-morpholino amidite monomers as 5′-CE/5′- t Bu phosphoramidite morpholino monomers (2) and process chemistry for the efficient synthesis of N-Trityl or monomethoxytrityl (MMTr)-protected 5′-morpholino amidite monomers and their use in the synthesis of phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligonucleotides (PMO), thiophosphoramidate morpholino oligonucleotides (TMO) and their chimeras which can be used for antisense technology or in general oligonucleotides related research.
专利号:US-12012427-B2
优先权日:2019-10-31
标 题 :Synthesis of Fmoc-protected morpholino monomers and their use in the synthesis of morpholino oligomer
发明人:SINHA SURAJIT; KUNDU JAYANTA; GHOSH UJJWAL
权利人:INDIAN ASS FOR THE CULTIVATION OF SCIENCE
摘要:Present invention relates to stable Fmoc protected Morpholino monomers and corresponding oligonucleotides (PMO) and efficient synthesis of the same involving chlorophosphoramidate and H-Phosphonate chemistry. Successful syntheses of the oligonucleotide with higher yield and lesser time have been accomplished employing solid phase synthesis and easy deprotection of Fmoc group with Piperidine.
专利号:US-6683189-B1
优先权日:1996-02-26
标 题 :Method for the synthesis of pyrrole and imidazole carboxamides on a solid support
发明人:DERVAN PETER B; BAIRD ELDON
权利人:CALIFORNIA INST OF TECHN
摘要:The present invention describes a novel method for the solid phase synthesis of polyamides containing imidazole and pyrrole carboxamides. The polyamides are prepared on a solid support from aromatic carboxylic acids and aromatic amines with high stepwise coupling yields (>99%), providing milligram quantities of highly pure polyamides. The present invention also describes the synthesis of analogs of the natural products Netropsin and Distamycin A, two antiviral antibiotics. The present invention also describes a novel method for the solid phase synthesis of imidazole and pyrrole carboxamide polyamide-oligonucleotide conjugates. This methodology will greatly increase both the complexity and quantity of minor-groove binding polyamides and minor-groove binding polyamide-oligonucleotide conjugates which can be synthesized and tested.
专利号:WO-2024189634-A1
优先权日:2023-03-13
标 题 :Highly atom economical process for synthesis of novel co-initiator for photo-induced radical polymerisation
发明人:KAPAT DR AJOY; AHMAD ASRAR; MITTAL GARVISHA
权利人:SHIV NADAR INSTITUTION OF EMINENCE DEEMED TO BE UNIV
摘要:The present invention relates to a base catalyzed sequential conjugate addition reaction for the synthesis of a novel and efficient co-initiator for Photo Induced Radical Polymerization. The process comprises synthesis of new co-initiator having 6,5 and 6,6-bicyclic scaffolds as central core. The process comprises reacting thiocarboxylic acid, catechol, thiocatechol, benzodithiol, benzothiocatechol and binol with ketone substrates at room temperature with a base and a solvent to yield the novel co-initiator compound of Formula 3, Formula 5, Formula C and Formula Z.
专利号:WO-2021014395-A1
优先权日:2019-07-24
标题:Process for the synthesis of deuterated capsaicin, capsaicinoids and synthetic capsaicin analogs
发明人:ORUGANTI SRINIVAS; AMRUTAPU SRAVANTH KUMAR; SAMPATH MAGESH; SEN SAIKAT
权利人:DR REDDY’S INST OF LIFE SCIENCES
摘要:The present application provides novel processes for the synthesis of deuterated intermediates of capsaicinoids, particularly II, III, IV and V of capsaicinoids, relating to pharmaceutical applications. The invention also provides novel intermediates of compounds of formula IX, XIV, XV, XVI, XVII, XVIII, XX and XXI utilized in the process of making deuterated capsaicin II, III, IV and V.
专利号:EP-4092127-A1
优先权日:2021-05-18
标题:Enzyme-catalytic method for the direct stereoselective synthesis of gamma-(acyloxy) carboxylic acids
发明人:PARVE JAAN; KUDRJASHOVA MARINA; GATHERGOOD NICHOLAS; PARVE OMAR
权利人:TALLINN UNIV OF TECHNOLOGY
摘要:The present invention is a method for the stereoselective straightforward synthesis of gamma-acyloxy carboxylic acids of novel structure starting from racemic gamma-hydroxy carboxylic acid salts that are obtained by alkaline hydrolysis of the racemic gamma-lactones. The salt is acylated by enzyme catalysis in an organic solvent containing an acyl donor and an immobilised lipase, on stirring at room temperature (ca 20 °C) until reaching the conversion rate required. After that, the reaction mixture is acidified and extracted and the product treated with catalytic amount of para-toluenesulfonic acid in toluene during the time required for the relactonisation of the unreacted salt enantiomer. Thereafter, the target gamma-acyloxy carboxylic acid formed from one enantiomer of the starting compound and relactonised gamma-lactone formed from the other, unreacted enantiomer of the starting compound are isolated using a routine separation method, such as distillation, extraction with NaHCO3 water solution followed by acidification or column chromatography.