CAS: 86-73-7; 9H-Fluorene

该化合物是一种有机化合物,其特点是多环芳香结构,由由两个苯环和环戊环组成的引信环系统组成,其化学配方为C13H10,在室温下看起来像是白色晶状固体.氟以其熔点相对较高和水溶性低而闻名,但在苯和醚等有机溶剂中可溶性较低.化合物显示出了荧光性,这是其在各种应用中使用的基础,包括有机光排放二极管(OLEDs)和作为分析化学中的荧光追踪器.氟可经受各种化学反应,包括电极替代和氧化,使其在有机合成中成为多用途的中间体.此外,必须指出,氟及其衍生物由于存在于化石燃料中,并可能对人类健康和生态系统产生影响,因此对环境研究具有兴趣.在处理氟时,应采取安全防范措施,因为氟在接触时可能会对健康造成风险.

英文名称9H-Fluorene
中文名称芴
IUPAC名称9H-fluorene
其它别名Diphenylenemethane; 2,2'-Methylenebiphenyl; 2,3-Benzindene; o-Biphenylenemethane; alpha-Diphenylenemethane-9H-fluorene
CAS编号86-73-7
MFCD编号:MFCD00001111
EINECS号:201-695-5
FDA UNII编号:3Q2UY0968A
分子式:C13H10
分子量:166.22
产品CID: 1870768
产品分类有机原料→分子砌块→芳环类化合物→苯类化合物

相似结构搜索
InChIKey: NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C13H10/c1-3-7-12-10(5-1)9-11-6-2-4-8-13(11)12/h1-8H,9H2…
计算化学: 氢键受体数0.0氢键供体数0可旋转键数0

物理性质

熔点111-114 °C
沸点298 °C at 760 mmHg
闪点133.1±9.7 °C
密度1.1±0.1 g/cm3
pKa:>15 (Christensen et al., 1975)
PSA:0.0
LogP:3.2578
折射率1.645
蒸汽压0.0±0.3 mmHg at 25°C
溶解性0.002G/l Insoluble
敏感性1. 本品有毒，小鼠腹腔注入ＬＤ５０２６０ｍｇ／ｋｇ。操作人员应穿戴防护用具。2. 存在于烟气中。3. 在高真空中易升华。
外观形态几乎白色至浅棕色结晶粉末
储存条件室温
产品应用用作有机合成原料.可制成三硝基芴酮,用于静电复印,合成芳基透明尼龙,可代替蒽醌合成阴丹士林染料,用于制造抗痉挛药,镇静药,镇痛药,降血压药,合成杀虫剂,除草剂,制备抗冲击有机玻璃和芴醛树脂,亦可用作湿润剂,洗涤剂,液体闪光剂,消毒剂等.
性质描述白色小片状结晶,不纯时有荧光.熔点115-116°C,沸点297.9°C,闪点151°C,相对密度1.203,熔化热350J/g,蒸发热120.9J/g.不溶于水,溶于乙醇,乙醚,苯,二硫化碳等有机溶剂.在高真空易升华.

MSDS等安全信息

GHS象形图
GHS符号GHS09;
注释: Environment
危险类别水生急性毒性类别1
水生慢性毒性类别1
特定目标器官毒性 - 单次接触类别3
皮肤腐蚀/刺激类别2
严重眼刺激类别2
水生慢性毒性类别2
警示词Warning(警告)
危险描述H400 |对水生生物毒性极大.
H410 |对水生生物毒性极大并具有长期持续影响.
H335 |可能引起呼吸道刺激.
H315 |造成皮肤刺激.
H319 |造成严重眼刺激.
H411 |对水生生物有毒并具有长期持续影响.
防范说明P261-P264-P270-P271-P280-P302+P352-P304+P340-P305+P351+P338-P330-P362+P364-P403+P233-P405-P501
危险等级9
UN编号3077.0
危险品标志N,T,F,Xn,Xi
风险等级Harmful
包装等级Ⅲ
安全声明60-61-24/25-45-36/37-16-7-62-33-24-22-36/37/39-27-26-25-9
危险类别码50/53-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-11-67-65-38-36/38-36/37/38-52/53-20
WGK Germany3

欧盟法规

REACH注册ECHA物质ECHA物质C&L通报REACH预注册

上下游产品

合成工艺路线路线简述

合成目标产物 Fluorene 主要起始原料 3-Bromo-9H-Fluorene
1598409-43-8 = 86-73-7
反应条件:1.1 Reagents: 7-Methyl-1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]Dec-5-Ene Solvents: Toluene; 8 H,100 °C
标题:Direct Access To Fluorene By Successive C-O/c-H Bond Activations Of 2-Phenylbenzyl Ester
作者:Hirano,Masafumi; Et Al
参考文献:Organometallics 日期:2014 卷标:33(8) 页码:1921-1924]

= 86-73-7
反应条件:1.1 Reagents: Alumina,Vanadate(5-),(Heptadeca-μ-Oxodecaoxodecamolybdate)Hepta-μ-Oxodioxo[μ12-[phospha... Solvents: Water
标题:Polyoxometalates As Reduction Catalysts: Deoxygenation And Hydrogenation Of Carbonyl Compounds
作者:Kogan,Vladimir; Et Al
参考文献:Angewandte Chemie 日期:1999 卷标:38(22) 页码:3331-3334]

1940-57-4 = 86-73-7
反应条件:1.1 Reagents: Triethylamine,Tetraethylammonium Perchlorate,Oxygen Solvents: Ethanol,Dimethyl Sulfoxide; 4 H,Rt
标题:A Facile And Versatile Electro-Reductive System For Hydrodefunctionalization Under Ambient Conditions
作者:Huang,Binbin; Et Al
参考文献:Green Chemistry 日期:2021 卷标:23(5) 页码:2095-2103]

2038-91-7 = 86-73-7
反应条件:1.1 Reagents: Potassium Tert-Butoxide Catalysts: Bis(Dichloro(η6-P-Cymene)Ruthenium) Solvents: Isopropanol; 20 - 24 H,100 °C
标题:Transfer Hydro-Dehalogenation Of Organic Halides Catalyzed By Ruthenium(Ii) Complex
作者:You,Tingjie; Et Al
参考文献:Journal Of Organic Chemistry 日期:2017 卷标:82(3) 页码:1340-1346]

38580-83-5 = 86-73-7
反应条件:1.1 Reagents: Cesium Carbonate Catalysts: Palladium Diacetate,Binap Solvents: 1,2-Dimethoxyethane; 12 H,100 °C
标题:Highly Efficient And Versatile Synthesis Of Polyarylfluorenes Via Pd-Catalyzed C-H Bond Activation
作者:Hwang,Seung Jun; Et Al
参考文献:Organic Letters 日期:2009 卷标:11(20) 页码:4588-4591]

23450-18-2 = 86-73-7
反应条件:1.1 Reagents: Propanoic Acid,2,2-Dimethyl-,Cesium Salt (1:1) Catalysts: Tricyclohexylphosphine,Palladium Diacetate Solvents: Tetrahydrofuran; 5 Min,Rt; 12 H,Rt -> 120 °C1.2 Reagents: Ammonium Chloride Solvents: Water
标题:Efficient Palladium-Catalyzed C(Sp2)-H Activation Towards The Synthesis Of Fluorenes
作者:Song,Juan; Et Al
参考文献:New Journal Of Chemistry 日期:2016 卷标:40(11) 页码:9030-9033]

= 86-73-7
反应条件:1.1 Reagents: 7-Methyl-1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]Dec-5-Ene Catalysts: Triphenylphosphine,Palladium Diacetate Solvents: Toluene; 9 H,100 °C
标题:Direct Access To Fluorene By Successive C-O/c-H Bond Activations Of 2-Phenylbenzyl Ester
作者:Hirano,Masafumi; Et Al
参考文献:Organometallics 日期:2014 卷标:33(8) 页码:1921-1924]

1133-80-8 = 86-73-7
反应条件:1.1 Reagents: Sodium Borohydride Catalysts: 2527707-44-2 Solvents: Dimethylacetamide; 3 H,80 °C
标题:The Electronic Properties Of Ni(Pnn) Pincer Complexes Modulate Activity In Catalytic Hydrodehalogenation Reactions
作者:Wang,Denan; Et Al
参考文献:European Journal Of Inorganic Chemistry 日期:2020 卷标:2020(47) 页码:4425-4434]

1133-80-8 = 86-73-7
反应条件:1.1 Reagents: Methanol,Sodium Borohydride Catalysts: 1H-Imidazolium,3-[6-(Dibutylchlorostannyl)Hexyl]-1-Methyl-,Iodide (1:1) Solvents: Acetonitrile; 24 H,Reflux
标题:Organotin Reagents Supported On Ionic Liquid: Highly Efficient Catalytic Free Radical Reduction Of Alkyl Halides
作者:Pham,Phuoc Dien; Et Al
参考文献:Tetrahedron Letters 日期:2009 卷标:50(27) 页码:3780-3782]

1133-80-8 = 86-73-7
反应条件:1.1 Reagents: Sodium Cyanoborohydride Catalysts: Phosphonium,[4′-[3-(Dibutylchlorostannyl)Propyl][1,1′-Biphenyl]-4-Yl]Triphenyl-... Solvents: Acetonitrile,Tert-Butanol; 15 Min,Reflux1.2 Catalysts: Azobisisobutyronitrile; Reflux; 8 H,Reflux
标题:Removal,Recovery,And Recycling Of Triarylphosphonium-Supported Tin Reagents For Various Organic Transformations
作者:Poupon,Jean-Christophe; Et Al
参考文献:Organic Letters 日期:2007 卷标:9(18) 页码:3591-3594]

7049-31-2 = 86-73-7
反应条件:1.1 Reagents: Nickel Chloride Hexahydrate,Sodium Borohydride Solvents: Methanol,Tetrahydrofuran; 15 Min,Rt
标题:Nickel Boride-Mediated Cleavage Of 1,3-Dithiolanes. A Convenient Approach To Reductive Desulfurization
作者:Khurana,Jitender M.; Et Al
参考文献:Synthetic Communications 日期:2010 卷标:40(19) 页码:2908-2913]

7049-31-2 = 86-73-7
反应条件:1.1 Reagents: Nickelocene,Lithium Aluminum Hydride Solvents: Tetrahydrofuran
标题:Transition-Metal-Promoted Reactions. 19. Nickelocene-Lithium Aluminum Hydride: A Versatile Desulfurization Reagent
作者:Chan,Man Chor; Et Al
参考文献:Journal Of Organic Chemistry 日期:1988 卷标:53(19) 页码:4466-71]

16419-60-6 = 86-73-7
反应条件:1.1 Reagents: Pivalic Acid,Potassium Carbonate Catalysts: Tricyclohexylphosphine,Palladium Diacetate Solvents: Dimethylacetamide; 5 H,140 - 150 °C; 150 °C -> Rt1.2 Reagents: Water; Rt
标题:Synthesis Of Fluorene And Indenofluorene Compounds: Tandem Palladium-Catalyzed Suzuki Cross-Coupling And Cyclization
作者:Liu,Tao-Ping; Et Al
参考文献:Angewandte Chemie 日期:2010 卷标:49(16) 页码:2909-2912]

93022-10-7 = 86-73-7 + 119-61-9 + 956-89-8 + 101109-90-4
反应条件:1.1 Solvents: Benzene; 600 °C
标题:Thermal Rearrangement Of Phenyl-Substituted Ketene Ethylene Acetals
作者:Oda,Mitsunori; Morimoto,Kazuo; Thanh,Nguyen Chung; Ohta,Reina; Kuroda,Shigeyasu
参考文献:Heterocycles 日期:2003 卷标:60(7) 页码:1673-1680]

= 86-73-7
反应条件:1.1 Reagents: Ammonium Hydroxide Catalysts: Silica,Copper Nitrate Trihydrate Solvents: Water; 20 Min,Ph 9,Cooled1.2 Solvents: Toluene; 2 H,1 Atm,90 °C
标题:Heterogeneous Cu-Catalysts For The Reductive Deoxygenation Of Aromatic Ketones Without Additives
作者:Zaccheria,Federica; Et Al
参考文献:Tetrahedron Letters 日期:2005 卷标:46(45) 页码:7743-7745]

= 86-73-7
反应条件:1.1 Reagents: Phosphinic Acid,Iodine Solvents: Acetic Acid
标题:Hypophosphorous Acid-Iodine: A Novel Reducing System. Part 1. Reduction Of Diaryl Ketones To Diaryl Methylene Derivatives
作者:Hicks,Latorya D.; Et Al
参考文献:Tetrahedron Letters 日期:2000 卷标:41(41) 页码:7817-7820]

1940-57-4 = 86-73-7
反应条件:1.1 Reagents: Zinc,Ammonium Chloride Catalysts: Poly(Oxy-1,2-Ethanediyl),α-[4-[[3,4-Dihydro-2,5,7,8-Tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12-Trime... Solvents: Water; 16 H,Rt
标题:Dehalogenation Of Functionalized Alkyl Halides In Water At Room Temperature
作者:Isley,Nicholas A.; Et Al
参考文献:Green Chemistry 日期:2015 卷标:17(2) 页码:893-897]

1940-57-4 = 86-73-7
反应条件:1.1 Reagents: Nickel Dichloride,Sodium Borohydride Solvents: Methanol; Rt; 15 Min,Rt1.2 Reagents: Methanol; Rt
标题:Facile Reductive Dehalogenation Of Organic Halides With Nickel Boride At Ambient Temperature
作者:Khurana,Jitender M.; Et Al
参考文献:Canadian Journal Of Chemistry 日期:2008 卷标:86(11) 页码:1052-1054]

38580-83-5 = 86-73-7
反应条件:1.1 Reagents: Pivalic Acid,Cesium Carbonate Catalysts: Dichlorobis(Triphenylphosphine)Palladium Solvents: Tetrahydrofuran; 18 H,25 °C
标题:Palladium-Catalyzed Synthesis Of Fluorenes By Intramolecular C(Sp2)-H Activation At Room Temperature
作者:Tanji,Yutaka; Et Al
参考文献:Synlett 日期:2020 卷标:31(8) 页码:805-808]

14874-70-5 = 86-73-7
反应条件:1.1 Reagents: Chlorotrimethylsilane Solvents: Dimethylformamide,Tetrahydrofuran
标题:The Decomposition Of Arenediazonium Tetrafluoroborates With Halo- And Azidotrimethylsilanes In Nonaqueous Solvents
作者:Keumi,Takashi; Et Al
参考文献:Bulletin Of The Chemical Society Of Japan 日期:1989 卷标:62(1) 页码:89-95]

30084-90-3 = 86-73-7
反应条件:1.1 Catalysts: Ceria,Naphthalene,Radical Ion(1-),Sodium (1:1),Nickel Solvents: Mesitylene; 24 H,150 °C
标题:Heterogeneously Catalyzed Selective Decarbonylation Of Aldehydes By Ceo2-Supported Highly Dispersed Non-Electron-Rich Ni(0) Nanospecies
作者:Matsuyama,Takehiro; Et Al
参考文献:Acs Catalysis 日期:2021 卷标:11(22) 页码:13745-13751]

= 86-73-7
反应条件:1.1 Catalysts: Platinum (Supported On Carbon)
标题:Process For Producing Fluorene Compounds By Dehydrocyclization
参考文献:World Intellectual Property Organization]

25017-68-9 = 86-73-7
反应条件:1.1 Reagents: Hydrogen Catalysts: Ethylenediamine,Palladium Solvents: Methanol
标题:Chemoselective Control Of Hydrogenation Among Aromatic Carbonyl And Benzyl Alcohol Derivatives Using Pd/c(En) Catalyst
作者:Hattori,K.; Et Al
参考文献:Tetrahedron 日期:2001 卷标:57(23) 页码:4817-4824]

33356-47-7 = 86-73-7
反应条件:1.1 Reagents: Camphorsulfonic Acid,Iodobenzene Diacetate Catalysts: (Sp-4-2)-Tribromo(Tetrahydrothiophene)Gold Solvents: Methanol,Chloroform; 1 H,27 °C
标题:Au-Catalyzed Biaryl Coupling To Generate 5- To 9-Membered Rings: Turnover-Limiting Reductive Elimination Versus π-Complexation
作者:Corrie,Tom J. A.; Et Al
参考文献:Journal Of The American Chemical Society 日期:2017 卷标:139(1) 页码:245-254]

7049-31-2 = 86-73-7
反应条件:1.1 Reagents: Sodium Iodide Solvents: Dichloromethane; 5 Min,Rt1.2 Reagents: Chlorotrimethylsilane; 24 H,Rt1.3 Reagents: Water; 5 Min,Rt
标题:Chlorotrimethylsilane And Sodium Iodide: A Remarkable Metal-Free Association For The Desulfurization Of Benzylic Dithioketals Under Mild Conditions
作者:Zhao,Guangkuan; Et Al
参考文献:Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis 日期:2018 卷标:360(13) 页码:2522-2536]

165-06-0 = 86-73-7
反应条件:1.1 Reagents: Sodium Iodide Solvents: Dichloromethane; 5 Min,Rt1.2 Reagents: Chlorotrimethylsilane; 24 H,Rt1.3 Reagents: Water; 5 Min,Rt
标题:Chlorotrimethylsilane And Sodium Iodide: A Remarkable Metal-Free Association For The Desulfurization Of Benzylic Dithioketals Under Mild Conditions
作者:Zhao,Guangkuan; Et Al
参考文献:Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis 日期:2018 卷标:360(13) 页码:2522-2536]

4445-34-5 = 86-73-7
反应条件:1.1 Catalysts: Bis(1,5-Cyclooctadiene)Nickel,1,1′-Bis(Dicyclohexylphosphino)Ferrocene Solvents: Toluene; 16 H,100 °C
标题:Skeletal Editing Of Dibenzolactones To Fluorenes Via Ni- Or Pd-Catalyzed Decarboxylation
作者:Chen,Liang-Yu; Et Al
参考文献:Journal Of Organic Chemistry 日期:2023 卷标:88(14) 页码:10252-10256]

59833-09-9 = 86-73-7
反应条件:1.1 Reagents: Triethylamine,Carbon Monoxide,Water,Selenium Solvents: Tetrahydrofuran; 3 H,3 Mpa,100 °C1.2 Reagents: Oxygen; 2 H,Rt1.3 Reagents: Hydrochloric Acid Solvents: Tetrahydrofuran,Water
标题:Highly Efficient Route To Diselenides From The Reactions Of Imines And Selenium In The Presence Of Carbon Monoxide And Water
作者:Zhao,Xiaodan; Et Al
参考文献:Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis 日期:2005 卷标:347(6) 页码:877-882

二苯并呋喃反应生成芴
参考文献:Dibenzofuran Distillation And Crystallization Process
标题:Dibenzofuran Distillation And Crystallization Process
摘要:高纯度二苯并呋喃的分离和回收是通过蒸馏具有沸点范围为220oc至300oc的煤焦油馏分实现的,从而产生一个二苯并呋喃含量不低于30%的二苯并呋喃馏分,一个二苯并呋喃/花菲烷的摩尔比不低于1.3,以及一个芴/二苯并呋喃的摩尔比不超过0.05,然后将上述获得的二苯并呋喃馏分引入连续结晶净化装置,该装置具有用于结晶进料的冷却区,用于熔化纯化晶体的加热区,以及用于使从冷却区转移到加热区的晶体与一定量熔化晶体在两个区域之间路径中途相向接触的精炼区,并在其中对二苯并呋喃馏分进行连续结晶净化.

海关参考信息

2902300000-甲苯
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详情请参考：📖 海关编码查询和海关进出口税则

专利信息

专利号:US-2024409495-A1
优先权日:2021-10-20
标题 :Process for the preparation of 2,7-dihydroxy-9-fluorenone useful for the synthesis of tilorone and its salts
发明人：JAISANKAR PARASURAMAN; DEB INDUBHUSAN; BHATTACHARJEE PINAKI
权利人:COUNCIL SCIENT IND RES
摘要:Methods involving preparation of building blocks of 2,7-dihydroxy-9-fluorenone toward the synthesis of tilorone dihydrochloride salt and other salts (bromide, iodide, fluoride, citrate, oxalate, maleate, phosphate, tartrate, triflate, trifluoroacetate, tetrafluoroborate) of tilorone, and an efficient, safe, cost effective method for the preparation of 2,7-bis-[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]-fluorenone-9 and its various salts are developed. The methods involve oxygenation of fluorene, nitration of fluorenone, followed by reduction and diazotization toward the formation of 2,7-dihydroxy-9-fluorenone, which is the key intermediate for the formation of 2,7-bis-[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]-9-fluorenone-dihydrochloride (Tilorone dihydrochloride) and other tilorone salts. The synthesis method has relatively simple operation, mild reaction conditions, high yield, and simple process with yields of 80-97%. Subsequent product purification of this method uses filtration and crystallization methods, avoiding the existing methods of column chromatography. Therefore, the research of its synthetic method being with a wide range of applications from the drug development and material synthesis point of view.

专利号:US-7652164-B2
优先权日:2005-09-13
标题:Process for the direct synthesis of trialkoxysilane
发明人：LEWIS KENRICK M; MEREIGH ABELLARD T; O'YOUNG CHI-LIN; CAMERON RUDOLPH A
权利人:MOMENTIVE PERFORMANCE MAT INC
摘要:The Direct Synthesis of trialkoxysilane is carried out by conducting the Direct Synthesis reaction of silicon and alcohol, optionally in solvent, in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of Direct Synthesis catalyst and an effective catalyst-promoting amount of Direct Synthesis catalyst promoter, said promoter being an organic or inorganic compound possessing at least one phosphorus-oxygen bond.

专利号:WO-9837078-A1
优先权日:1997-02-20
标题 :Solid phase and combinatorial synthesis of substituted thiophenes and of arrays of substituted thiophenes
发明人：DOERWALD FLORENCIO ZARAGOZA
权利人:NOVO NORDISK AS
摘要:A solid phase method for the synthesis of a plurality of differently substituted thiophenes with a wide variety of side-chain substituents as compounds of potential therapeutic interest. The thiophenes are prepared by reaction of a substrate-bound primary or secondary amine with a thiophosgene equivalent and reaction of the resulting intermediate with an acceptor-substituted acetonitrile in the presence of a base. Alkylation with an appropriate alkyl halide, followed by Thorpe-Ziegler-cyclization yields differently substituted, support-bound 3-aminothiophenes. These may be screened on the substrate or cleaved from the substrate and then screened in solution. Alternatively, the resin-bound 3-amino thiophenes or the synthetic intermediates can be subjected to further synthetic transformations (N-acylation, reduction) on the support, which permits the preparation of further therapeutically interesting compounds. The efficient synthesis of a wide variety of thiophenes using automated synthesis technology of the present method makes these compounds attractive candidates for the generation and rapid screening of diverse thiophene-based libraries. The method disclosed here provides an easy and fast access to highly diverse heterocyclic compounds of therapeutic interest, amenable to automatization.

专利号:WO-9740025-A1
优先权日:1996-04-19
标题 :Solid phase and combinatorial synthesis of substituted 1,2,3-triazoles and of arrays of substituted 1,2,3-triazoles
发明人：DOERWALD FLORENCIO ZARAGOZA
权利人:NOVO NORDISK AS; DOERWALD FLORENCIO ZARAGOZA
摘要:A solid phase method for the synthesis of a plurality of differently substituted 1,2,3-triazoles with a wide variety of side-chain substituents as compounds of potential therapeutic interest. The 1,2,3-triazoles are prepared by acylation of a substrate-bound primary or secondary amine with a 3-oxoalkanoic acid and reaction of the resulting amide with a primary amine under dehydrating conditions to give an enamine. Treatment of this substrate-bound enamine with a sulfonyl azide in the presence of a base gives the corresponding 1,2,3-triazoles. These may be screened on the substrate or cleaved from the substrate and then screened in solution. The efficient synthesis of a wide variety of 1,2,3-triazoles using automated synthesis technology of the present method makes these compounds attractive candidates for the generation and rapid screening of diverse triazole-based libraries. The method disclosed here provides an easy and fast access to highly diverse heterocyclic compounds of therapeutic interest, amenable to automatization.

专利号:US-7344863-B2
优先权日:1998-03-13
标题:Methods for producing polypeptides through enhanced synthesis of encoding nucleic acid molecules
发明人：LI WU-BO; JESSEE JOEL A; SCHUSTER DAVID; XIA JIULIN; GEBEYEHU GULILAT
权利人:INVITROGEN CORP
摘要:The present invention is directed to compositions and methods for enhancing synthesis of nucleic acid molecules, particularly GC-rich nucleic acid molecules. Specifically, the invention provides compositions comprising one or more nitrogen-containing organic compounds having a formula selected from the group consisting of formula I and formula II (or salts or derivatives thereof), preferably 4-methylmorpholine N-oxide or betaine (carboxymethyltrimethylammonium), and further comprising one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of proline and an N-alkylimidazole compound, and more preferably proline, 1-methylimidazole or 4-methylimidazole. The invention further relates to methods for enhanced, high-fidelity synthesis of nucleic acid molecules, including via amplification (particularly PCR), reverse transcription, and sequencing methods. The invention also relates to nucleic acid molecules synthesized by these methods, to fragments or derivatives thereof, and to vectors and host cells comprising such nucleic acid molecules, fragments, or derivatives. The invention also relates to kits for synthesizing, amplifying, reverse transcribing or sequencing nucleic acid molecules comprising one or more of the compositions of the invention.

专利号:US-6770436-B1
优先权日:1996-11-14
标题:Chemical amplification for the synthesis of patterned arrays
发明人：BEECHER JODY E; GOLDBERG MARTIN J; MCGALL GLENN H
权利人:AFFYMETRIX INC
摘要:Radiation-activated catalysts (RACs), autocatalytic reactions, and protective groups are employed to achieve a highly sensitive, high resolution, radiation directed combinatorial synthesis of pattern arrays of diverse polymers. When irradiated, RACs produce catalysts that can react with enhancers, such as those involved in autocatalytic reactions. The autocatalytic reactions produce at least one product that removes protecting groups from synthesis intermediates. This invention has a wide variety of applications and is particularly useful for the solid phase combinatorial synthesis of polymers.

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主要参考文献

[参考文献]: Paul Olusegun Bankole, Et Al. Biodegradation Of Fluorene By The Newly Isolated Marine-Derived Fungus, Mucor Irregularis Strain Bpo1 Using Response Surface Methodology. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2021 Jan 15;208:111619.
[参考文献]: A A Toropov, Et Al. Qspr Modeling Of Octanol/water Partition Coefficient For Vitamins By Optimal Descriptors Calculated With Smiles. Eur J Med Chem. 2008 Apr;43(4):714-40.
[参考文献]: Askin Birgul, Et Al. Concentrations, Gas-Particle Partitioning, And Seasonal Variations Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons At Four Sites In Turkey. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2015 Jan;68(1):46-63.
[参考文献]: Cheng Zhang, Et Al. Polymeric Ionic Liquid Bucky Gels As Sorbent Coatings For Solid-Phase Microextraction. J Chromatogr A. 2014 May 30:1344:15-22.
[参考文献]: D C Bressler, Et Al. Bacterial Metabolism Of Fluorene, Dibenzofuran, Dibenzothiophene, And Carbazole. Can J Microbiol. 2000 May;46(5):397-409.

合成参考文献

参考文献:10.1007/s00792-010-0301-z
摘要:Tapilatu YH, Grossi V, Acquaviva M, Militon C, Bertrand JC, Cuny P. Isolation of hydrocarbon-degrading extremely halophilic archaea from an uncontaminated hypersaline pond (Camargue, France). Extremophiles. 2010 Mar;14(2):225–31. doi: 10.1007/s00792-010-0301-z.
参考文献:10.1186/1475-2859-9-10
摘要:Zanaroli G, Di Toro S, Todaro D, Varese GC, Bertolotto A, Fava F. Characterization of two diesel fuel degrading microbial consortia enriched from a non acclimated, complex source of microorganisms. Microbial Cell Factories. 2010 Feb 16;9(1):10. doi: 10.1186/1475-2859-9-10.
参考文献:10.1364/ao.44.007232
摘要:Belfield KD, Bondar MV, Cohanoschi I, Hernandez FE, Kachkovsky OD, Przhonska OV, Yao S. Excited-state absorption and anisotropy properties of two-photon absorbing fluorene derivatives. Appl Opt. 2005 Nov 20;44(33):7232–8. doi: 10.1364/ao.44.007232.
参考文献:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2011.06.021
摘要:Bado-Nilles A, Quentel C, Mazurais D, Zambonino-Infante JL, Auffret M, Thomas-Guyon H, Le Floch S. In vivo effects of the soluble fraction of light cycle oil on immune functions in the European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax (Linné). Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2011 Oct;74(7):1896–904. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2011.06.021.