CAS: 11141-17-6; Azadirachtin A

该化合物是一种复杂的四亚丁类化合物,主要来自奈姆树(Azadirachta indica)的种子,以其杀虫和杀虫特性而闻名,使其在农业做法中成为一种宝贵的天然杀虫剂.阿扎迪拉钦通过破坏昆虫的激素系统,抑制其生长和繁殖,最终导致其死亡.该化合物的特点是其对哺乳动物和有益昆虫的毒性相对较低,使它成为合成农药的一种无害环境的替代品.阿扎迪拉什丁在有机溶剂中溶解,但水溶解性有限,影响其应用方法.其稳定性可能受到光和温度的影响,需要谨慎储存和处理.此外,阿扎迪拉钦还因其潜在的药性(包括抗炎和抗癌效应)进行了研究,但还需要进一步研究,以充分理解其治疗用途.

结构式图片

欧盟法规

[欧盟农药活性物质

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CAS号122437-48-3 23-α,β-acetoxy-...

合成工艺路线路线简述

    22,23-Dihydro-23-β-Thiophenoxyazadirachtin置于二甲基二环氧乙烷体系中,用 二氯甲烷,甲苯 用作溶剂,以67%的收率获得印楝素
    参考文献:印a素合成的中继途径.
    标题:印a素合成的中继途径.
    摘要:
    Doi:10.1002/anie.200703028

    海关参考信息

    专利信息


    专利号:WO-9219616-A1
    优先权日:1991-05-06
    标题 :Improvements of a pesticidal/insect repellent comprising synthesis of a new pesticidal insect repellent
    发明人:GUERRINI VINCENT HENRY
    权利人:GUERRINI VINCENT HENRY
    摘要:There is provided a novel method to improve the pesticidal and repellent properties of neem extracts or azadirachtin containing compositions comprising the synthesis of a new pesticide repellent. Neem extracts containing azadirachtins or compositions containing neem extracts or neem extracts with azadirachtins, dialkyltoluamides and volatile oils are heated between 30 and 200 degrees centigrade from 1 second to 1000 hours to improve the pesticidal and repellent properties of the compositions or synthesize new pesticides or insect repellents.

    专利号:WO-2020121335-A1
    优先权日:2018-12-14
    标题:A process for producing tirucalladienol for synthesis of limonoids
    发明人:HIREKODATHAKALLU VENKATARAMAIAH THULASIRAM; PANDREKA AVINASH; PATIL CHAYA SHIVANAGOUDA
    权利人:COUNCIL SCIENT IND RES
    摘要:The invention relates to the construction of recombinant DNA constructs encoding tirucalladienol synthase; and squalene epoxidase operably linked to a regulatory sequence. The production of tricualldienol in a yeast is increased by coexpression with squalene epoxidase. Further, tirucalladeinol synthase engineering leads to increase in the efficiency of the synthesis process towards tirucalladienol.

    专利号:US-2016073631-A1
    优先权日:2013-03-04
    标 题 :Process for the preparation of dihydropyrrole derivatives
    发明人:EL QACEMI MYRIEM; SMITS HELMARS; CASSAYRE JEROME YVES; MULHOLLAND NICHOLAS PHILLIP; RENOLD PETER; GODINEAU EDOUARD; PITTERNA THOMAS
    权利人:SYNGENTA PARTICIPATIONS AG; SYNGENTA LTD
    摘要:The present invention provides stereoselective processes for the preparation of compounds of formula (I) n n n n n n n n n n n n wherein n P is phenyl, naphthyl, a 6-membered heteroaryl group containing one or two nitrogen atoms as ring members, or a 10-membered bicyclic heteroaryl group containing one or two nitrogen atoms as ring members, and wherein the phenyl, naphthyl and heteroaryl groups are optionally substituted; n R 1 is chlorodifluoromethyl or trifluoromethyl; n R 2 is optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted heteroaryl; n n is 0 or 1; n including the process comprising n (a-i) reacting a compound of formula II n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n wherein P, R 1 and R 2 are as defined for the compound of formula I; n with nitromethane in the presence a chiral catalyst to give a compound of formula III n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n wherein P, R 1 and R 2 are as defined for the compound of formula I; and n (a-ii) reductively cyclising the compound of formula III to give the compound of formula I. n n n n n The invention also provides intermediates useful for processes for the synthesis of compounds of formula (I).

    专利号:US-9233920-B2
    优先权日:2010-06-11
    标题 :Process for the preparation of dihydropyrrole derivatives
    发明人:EL QACEMI MYRIEM; SMITS HELMARS; CASSAYRE JEROME YVES; MULHOLLAND NICHOLAS PHILLIP; RENOLD PETER; GODINEAU EDOUARD; PITTERNA THOMAS
    权利人:EL QACEMI MYRIEM; SMITS HELMARS; CASSAYRE JEROME YVES; MULHOLLAND NICHOLAS PHILLIP; RENOLD PETER; GODINEAU EDOUARD; PITTERNA THOMAS; SYNGENTA PARTICIPATIONS AG; SYNGENTA LTD
    摘要:The present invention provides stereoselective processes for the preparation of compounds of formula (I) wherein P is phenyl, naphthyl, a 6-membered heteroaryl group containing one or two nitrogen atoms as ring members, or a 10-membered bicyclic heteroaryl group containing one or two nitrogen atoms as ring members, and wherein the phenyl, naphthyl and heteroaryl groups are optionally substituted; R 1 is chlorodifluoromethyl or trifluoromethyl; R 2 is optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted heteroaryl; n is 0 or 1; including the process comprising (a-i) reacting a compound of formula II wherein P, R 1 and R 2 are as defined for the compound of formula I; with nitromethane in the presence a chiral catalyst to give a compound of formula III Wherein P, R 1 and R 2 are as defined for the compound of formula I; and (a-ii) reductively cyclizing the compound of formula III to give the compound of formula I. The invention also provides intermediates useful for processes for the synthesis of compounds of formula (I).

    专利号:US-8293797-B2
    优先权日:2004-02-19
    标题:Use of molt-accelerating compounds, ecdysteroids, analogs thereof, and chitin synthesis inhibitors for controlling termites
    发明人:SU NAN-YAO; KING JAMES EDWARD; NEESE PAUL ALLEN
    权利人:SU NAN-YAO; KING JAMES EDWARD; NEESE PAUL ALLEN; UNIV FLORIDA
    摘要:The subject invention relates in part to the oral administration of ecdysteroids for controlling subterranean termites. Preferred ecdysteroids for use according to the subject invention are ecdysone, certain ecdysone analogs, and 20-hydroxyecdysone, for example. In some preferred embodiments, one or more of these compounds is used in a termite bait in combination with one or more chitin synthesis inhibitors. Thus, the subject invention also relates in part to controlling termites by the use of a chitin synthesis inhibitor (CSI), such as hexaflumuron and/or noviflumuron, together with an ecdysteroid (and analogs thereof) or molt-accelerating compound (MAC), such as halofenozide. The subject invention also relates to mixtures comprising these two active ingredients. The MAC/ecdysteroid analog induces a preliminary molting event in termite workers (they could not complete the molting), which then allows the CSI to further disrupt the molt and cause mortality. The combination of these active ingredients, causing accelerated molting together with inhibition of chitin synthesis, is surprisingly shown herein to enhance activity against termites, as compared to either group of compounds alone.

    专利号:US-10906880-B2
    优先权日:2016-01-26
    标题:Kind of isothiazole oxime ether-containing strobilurin derivatives and its preparation methods and application
    发明人:FAN ZHIJIN; CHEN LAI; GUO XIAOFENG; ZHU YUJIE; QIAN XIAOLIN; MA LIUYONG; ZHANG NAILOU; WANG HAIXIA; ZHANG ZHIMING; XU JINGHUA; SONG YINQI
    权利人:UNIV NANKAI
    摘要:The present invention is that provided a synthesis method of a series of isothiazole oxime ether containing strobilurin derivatives IV. The present invention relates to 3,4-dichloroisothiazolyl oxime ether strobilurin derivatives, and their chemical structural formula is as shown by IV. n n n n n n n n n n The invention discloses the structural formula of the above compound, the synthesis method and the use as an insecticide, a fungicide, an anti-plant virus agent, and an agriculturally acceptable auxiliary or synergist and a commercial insecticide. The use of a fungicide, an anti-plant virus agent and an acaricide in combination for controlling agricultural, forestry, horticultural plant pests, diseases, virus diseases and preparation methods.
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    主要参考文献


    1: Zhang J, Liu H, Sun Z, Xie J, Zhong G, Yi X. Azadirachtin induced apoptosis in the prothoracic gland in Bombyx mori and a pronounced Ca(2+) release effect in Sf9 cells. Int J Biol Sci. 2017 Nov 27;13(12):1532-1539. doi: 10.7150/ijbs.22175. eCollection 2017.
    2: Bezzar-Bendjazia R, Kilani-Morakchi S, Maroua F, Aribi N. Azadirachtin induced larval avoidance and antifeeding by disruption of food intake and digestive enzymes in Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Pestic Biochem Physiol. 2017 Nov;143:135-140. doi: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2017.08.006. Epub 2017 Aug 5. doi: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2017.09.002. Epub 2017 Sep 5. doi: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2017.06.004. Epub 2017 Jun 3. doi: 10.1002/ps.4678. Epub 2017 Sep 12. doi: 10.1016/j.biocel.2015.03.018. Epub 2015 Apr 4. doi: 10.1007/s10646-014-1365-9. Epub 2014 Oct 10. doi: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.02.006. [Epub ahead of print] Review. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.07.057. Epub 2018 Jul 23. doi: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2016.02.009. Epub 2016 Mar 2. doi: 10.1139/cjpp-2013-0449. Epub 2014 Jan 9. doi: 10.1038/srep35482.
    13: Shaurub el-SH, Abd El-Meguid A, Abd El-Aziz NM. Quantitative and ultrastructural changes in the haemocytes of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) treated individually or in combination with Spodoptera littoralis multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpliMNPV) and azadirachtin. Micron. 2014 Oct;65:62-8. doi: 10.1016/j.micron.2014.04.010. Epub 2014 Apr 30. doi: 10.1002/arch.21233. Epub 2015 Apr 1. doi: 10.1002/ps.4198. Epub 2016 Jan 4. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1368507. Epub 2014 May 28. doi: 10.1007/s00894-014-2084-0. Epub 2014 Feb 9. pii: 95. doi: 10.1093/jisesa/iew086. Print 2016.

    合成参考文献


    参考文献:10.1007/s10493-011-9476-y
    摘要:González-Zamora JE, López C, Avilla C. Population studies of arthropods on Melia azedarach in Seville (Spain), with special reference to Eutetranychus orientalis (Acari: Tetranychidae) and its natural enemies. Experimental and Applied Acarology. 2011 Jul 14;55(4):389. doi: 10.1007/s10493-011-9476-y.
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