五氯酚置于四乙基溴化铵体系中,用 甲醇 作为反应溶剂,化学反应生成 2,6-二氯苯酚 参考文献:Electroreduction Of Organic Compounds,34 [1]. Cathodic Dehalogenation Of Chloroarenes With Electron-Donating Substituents 标题:Electroreduction Of Organic Compounds,34 [1]. Cathodic Dehalogenation Of Chloroarenes With Electron-Donating Substituents 摘要:氯代芳烃的电化学还原与供电取代基(如氯甲苯,-苯甲醚和-酚)进行研究.在铅或碳阴极下,在各种溶剂支持电解质的电位静态和电流静态条件下进行制备电解.在适当条件下,可能对具有两个或更多氯取代基的化合物进行部分和主要区域选择性的去氯化.尤其是在对位,替换一个单独的氯取代基是困难的.因此,高度有毒和持久的寡氯衍生物可以转化为氯化程度较低的问题较少的化合物.通过电还原,也可以显着降低受氯化酚和nitrofen®污染的土壤提取物等实际材料的氯含量. DOI:10.1515/znb-2003-1206
专利号:US-12421534-B2 优先权日:2021-11-10 标 题 :Engineered enzymes and method for the synthesis of diverse tyrosine analogs 发明人:ALMHJELL PATRICK J; ARNOLD FRANCES H 权利人:CALIFORNIA INST OF TECHN 摘要:Provided herein is an engineered tryptophan synthase β-subunit (TrpB) that catalyzes the synthesis of tyrosine, tyrosine analogs, or salts thereof. Also provided herein are methods for preparing tyrosine, tyrosine analogs, or a salt thereof using the engineered TrpB described herein.
专利号:US-5914431-A 优先权日:1996-09-23 标 题 :Cocatalysts for the synthesis of bisphenols 发明人:FENNHOFF GERHARD 权利人:BAYER AG 摘要:The invention relates to the synthesis of bisphenols from monophenols and carbonyl compounds such as aldehydes and ketones using concentrated mineral acids such as hydrochloric acid and/or hydrogen chloride gas as acid catalysts and a mercaptan as cocatalyst, which is fixed by an ion pair bond to a matrix that is insoluble in the reaction medium.
专利号:US-12351558-B2 优先权日:2020-04-17 标题 :Process for the synthesis of lofexidine 发明人:NG CHOI I-TENG MONTSERRAT 权利人:MEDICHEM SA 摘要:The present invention relates to an improved process for the synthesis of lofexidine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, using an aluminium alkoxide as Lewis acid.
专利号:US-11459303-B2 优先权日:2019-06-21 标题 :Process for the synthesis of lofexidine 发明人:DONNOLA MONICA; BAROZZA ALESSANDRO; ROLETTO JACOPO; PAISSONI PAOLO 权利人:PROCOS SPA 摘要:Disclosed is a process for the synthesis of lofexidine of formula (I) and the hydrochloride salt thereof (II), from ethyl 2-(2,6-dichlorophenoxy)propionate (III) and ethylenediamine in the presence of tetravalent titanium alkoxides, preferably titanium isopropoxide, in an apolar solvent such as toluene. A further object of the present invention is a process for the preparation of the intermediate ethyl 2-(2,6-dichlorophenoxy)propionate (III) from 2,6-dichlorophenol and ethyl 2-chloropropionate in the presence of a polar aprotic solvent and an alkali or alkaline earth carbonate salt, preferably potassium carbonate. Both processes are more cost-effective and more easily industrially scalable than the known procedures, thus enabling the active ingredient to be obtained with high yields at a limited cost.
专利号:US-8101779-B2 优先权日:2008-10-06 标题 :Enantioselective synthesis of (+) and (–)-2-[1-(2,6-dichlorophenoxy)-ethyl]-1,3-diazacyclopent-2-ene 发明人:CROOKS PETER A; VARTAK ASHISH PRAMOD 权利人:CROOKS PETER A; VARTAK ASHISH PRAMOD; UNIV KENTUCKY RES FOUND 摘要:Methods for the enantioselective synthesis of (+) and (−) lofexidine or 2-[1-(2,6)-dichlorophenoxy)-ethyl]-1,3-diazacyclopent-2-ene involve converting (+) or (−) 1-methyl-1-[2,6-dichlorophenoxy]ethanamide to an (+) or (−) imino-ether intermediate by electrophilic attack of the amide oxygen by a trimethoxonium ion and, without isolation, converting the (+) or (−) imino-ether intermediate to (+) or (−) 2-[1-(2,6-dichlorophenoxy)-ethyl]1,3-diazacyclopent-2-ene by adding ethylene diamine; and optionally converting the (+) or (−) 2-[1-(2,6-dichlorophenoxy)-ethyl]1,3-diazacyclopent-2-ene into a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof.
专利号:US-7696389-B2 优先权日:2006-03-24 标 题 :Method for reducing microcontaminants during synthesis of pentachlorophenol 发明人:SAVAGE PHILLIP E; YU JIANLI 权利人:UNIV MICHIGAN 摘要:A method for reducing contaminants during synthesis of pentachlorophenol includes providing a phenol-based starting material and a catalyst, which form a reaction mixture. A chlorine flow is introduced so that it is in contact with the reaction mixture, and the starting material and chlorine are reacted via a temperature-programmed reaction. The chlorine flow is terminated at a predetermined temperature prior to an end of the temperature-programmed reaction and/or at a point where the yield of pentachlorophenol is less than about 95%.